Virginal atresia from a jurisprudential perspective, a comparative study

Document Type : Original Article

Author

faculty of Islamic studies for girls in Alexsandria

Abstract

Abstract:
The study aims to define hymenoplasty (Ar-Ratq Al-uzri), understand the reasons that may lead to it, and then explain the Sharia rulings related to it based on these reasons. Understanding these rulings help  women not to  undergo such procedure without a proper understanding of the potential benefits or harms. In this research, I adopted the inductive and deductive methods by presenting each jurist's opinion on the issue, examining the evidence supporting each opinion from the Quran and Sunnah, highlighting the evidence's implications, deducing the Sharia ruling based on it, discussing and responding to the evidence where applicable, and then identifying the most valid opinion based on the strength of the evidence or the realization of public interest or prevention of harm. The study concludes that Islamic Sharia is comprehensive and applicable to all times and places. It aims to promote religious and cultural awareness among Muslim community members regarding contemporary issues. Hymenoplasty is one of the emerging issues that early jurists did not address due to the absence of explicit texts from the Quran or Sunnah. With modern medical advancements, contemporary doctors can perform this procedure, which is permissible to restore the hymen due to an accidental incident beyond the girl's desire and will. However, it is not permissible if it is done due to sexual intercourse in marriage or due to a sin and wrongdoing committed by the woman that became known among people. Hymenoplasty involves exposing and touching the awrah (private parts), which is only permissible in cases of necessity. Balancing between the benefits and harms resulting from it, it is always preferred to prevent harm rather than seeking benefit. The study also emphasizes the application of the principle of concealment (satr) advocated by Islamic Sharia when used appropriately, considering the sincerity of the resulting interest.
 
 

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Main Subjects

References

  •  

    References:

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    1-   Al-Itqan fi Ulum Al-Quran, As-Suyuti, General Egyptian Book Organization, 1394 AH - 1974 AC.

    2-   Ihkam Al-Ihkam Sharh Umdah Al-Ahkam, Ibn Daqiq Al-Eid, As-Sunna Al-Muhammadiyah Press.

    3-   Ahkam Al-Quran, Al-Bayhaqi, 1st  ed, 1439 AH - 2018 AC, Dar Az-Zakhair.

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    10-           Al-Jami li Ahkam Al-Quran, Al-Qurtubi, 2nd  ed, 1384 AH - 1964 AC, Dar Al-Kutub - Egypt, Cairo.

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    • Al-Istidhkar, Ibn Abdul Barr, 1st ed, 1421 AH - 2000 AC, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya – Beirut.
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    Fourth: Language Books:

    • Taj Al-Arus min Jawahir Al-Qamus, Muhammad Az-Zubaidi, Kuwaiti Ministry of Guidance - National Council for Culture.
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    Sixth: Books of Jurisprudence:

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    • Al-Bahr Al-Raiq Sharh Kanz Al-Daqaiq, Ibn Najim, 2nd ed, Dar Al-Kutub.
    • Badai Al-Sanai fi Tartib Al-Sharai, by Al-Kasani, 1st  ed, 1327-1328 AH, Egyptian Printing Company - Al-Jamaliya Press, Egypt.
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    Maliki School of Jurisprudence:

    • Al-Bahjah fi Sharh Al-Tuhfahn, Al-Tasuli, 1st  ed, 1418 AH - 1998 AC, Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya – Beirut, Lebanon.
    • Hashiyat Al-Desouki, Muhammad bin Arifah Al-Desouki, Dar Al-Fikr.
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    • Al-Fawakih Ad-Dawani, Ahmad bin Ghanim, 1st ed, 1415 AH - 1995 AC, Dar Al-Fikr.

    Shafi School of Jurisprudence:

    • Al-Iqnaa, Al-Khatib Al-Shirbini, Dar Al-Fikr – Beirut- Dar Al-Fikr.
    • Al-Umm, Al-Shafii, 2nd ed, 1403 AH - 1983 AC, Dar Al-Fikr – Beirut.
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    • Al-Muhazab by Al-Shirazi (d. 476 AH), Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyya.

     Modern Books:

    • Athar Suqut Al-Uzrah wa Al-Bikarah ala Al-Zawaj, Ibrahim Abu Jazar.
    • Ahkam Al-Jiraha At-Tibbiyya wa Al-Athar Al-Mutatabia Alayha, Dr. Muhammad Al-Shanqiti.
    • Al-Ahkam At-Tibbiyya Al-Mutaalliqa bi Al-Nisa fi Al-Fiqh Al-Islami, Dr. Muhammad Khaled Mansour.
    • Hukm Ifsha Al-Sir fi Al-Islam by Dr. Tawfiq Al-Waey.
    • Al-Hukm Al-Shari li Jiraha Ghisah Al-Bikarah: Dirasah Fiqhiyya Muqaranah, Abdullah Mabruk Al-Najjar.
    • Ratq Ghish Al-Bikarah, Dr. Kamal Fahmi.
    • Ratq Ghish Al-Bikarah min Manzur Islami, Azz Al-Din Al-Khatib Al-Tamimi.
    • Al-Tibb bin Al-Ilan wa Al-Kitman by Sheikh Muhammad Al-Salami.
    • Amaliyyah Al-Ratq Al-Udhri fi Meezan Al-Maqasid Al-Shariyya, Dr. Muhammad Naeem Yasin.
    • Al-Gharaah ala Ratq Ghishaa Al-Bikarah by Hisham bin Haddad.
    • Qadayah Tibbiyyah Muasirah, Dr. Ibrahim Al-Jamal and others.
    • Masuliyyah Al-Atibba an Al-Amaliyyat Al-Taawddiyah wa Al-Tajmiliyyah wa Al-Ratq Al-Uzri fi Al-Shariah Al-Islamiyya wa Al-Qanun Al-Wadi by Dr. Mahmoud Al-Zieny.

     

     

     

     

     

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History

  • Receive Date: 19 November 2023
  • Accept Date: 10 August 2024

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