هُنَاکَ العَديدُ مِنَ الدِّرَاسَاتِ المُعَاصِرَةِ التي تَنَاوَلَتْ الحَديثَ بِاسْتِفَاضَةٍ عَنْ الأمْرَاضِ والأوْبِئَةِ التي تُصيبُ البَشَرَ، وقَدْ تَنَوَّعَت تِلْکَ الدِّرَاسَاتُ فِيمَا بَيْنَها في مُعَالَجَةِ ذَلِکَ المَوْضوعِ بِاخْتِلافِ الجَوانِبِ التي تَنَاوَلَتْهَا کُلُّ دِرَاسَةٍ عَنْ مَثِيلاتِها.
وقَدْ أفَاضَتْ تِلْکَ الدِّرَاسَاتُ في بَيَانِ مَفْهومِ الأمْرَاضِ والأوْبِئَةِ التي تُصيبُ البَشَرَ؛ و بَيَّنَتْ الأحْکَامَ الشَّرْعِيَّةَ التي وَرَدَتْ عَنْ فُقَهَاءِ المُسْلمِين مِنَ الأئِمَّةِ المُعْتَمَدِين في التَّعَامُلِ مَعَ تِلْکَ الأمْرَاضِ والأَوْبِئَةِ في المَسَائِلِ، لَکِنَّهَا لَمْ تَتَعَرَّضْ لِلْحَديثِ عَن الجَوانِبِ الأخْلاقِيَّةِ المُتَعَلِّقَةِ بِأحْکَامِ القَضَايَا والمَسَائِلِ الفِقْهِيَّةِ المُخْتَلِفَةِ، و التي تَظْهَرُ مُتَزَامِنَة مَعَ مَا يُصِيبُ البَشَرَ مِنْ أمْرَاضٍ و أَوْبِئَةٍ، سَواء في ذَلِکَ مَا کَانَ قَدِيمًا مِنْ تِلْکَ الأمْرَاضِ و الأَوْبِئَةِ، و مَا اسْتَجَدَّ مِنْها.
وَلأَهَمِّيَّةِ هَذِهِ المَسْأَلَةِ- وَهِيَ بِحَقٍّ مِنَ النَّوازِلِ التي تَحْتَاجُ إلَى بَحْثٍ وَتِبْيَانٍ- فَقَدْ آثَرَ البَاحِثُ أنْ يُفْرِدَ لها دِرَاسَتَهُ هَذِهِ، و مثَّلَ لها بعَرْضِ الأخْلاقِيَّاتِ المُتَعَلِّقَةِ بِأحْکَامِ الزَّکَاة، و أحْکَامِ الجَنَائِز، وأحْکَامِ السَّجِين.
وقد اسْتَخْدَمَ البَاحِثُ- في دِرَاسَتِهِ لِذَلِکَ المَوْضوعِ- المَنْهَجَ الاسْتِقْرَائِيَّ والمَنْهَجَ الوَصْفِيَّ؛ وذلک مع التَّدليلِ بما وَرَدَ في الکِتابِ والسُّنَّةِ، وبما اُثِرَ من آرَاءِ أجمعَ ودلَّلَ على صِحَّتها فُقَهَاءُ المُسْلِمينَ، وذلک مَعَ إثْبَاتِ نتَائجِ البَحْثِ التي تَوصَّلَ إليها الباحِثُ خلال دِرَاسَتِهِ لمَوضوعِ الدِّرَاسَة.
The Ethics Related to Rulings of Zakat, Funerals, and The Prisoner in Times of The Spread of Diseases and Epidemics.
Ahmad WafiqAlsayed Shahin.
Department of Arabic Language, Faculty of Arts, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
Email: Ahmed.wafik@mu.edu.eg
Abstract:
There are many contemporary studies that have dealt extensively to talk about diseases and epidemics that infect humans. Those studies have varied among themselves in addressing that subject in different aspects dealt with in each study on those.
Those studies elaborated on the concept of diseases and epidemics that afflict humans. And legal provisions showed that received from the scholars of Muslim imams accredited in dealing with these diseases and epidemics in the issues, but it was not exposed to talk about the ethical aspects of the provisions of the issues and the various doctrinal issues, which appear in sync with what affects humans from diseases and epidemics, both In that what was old from those diseases and epidemics, and what did not arise from them.
For the importance of this Almsolh- a right of stalactites that you need to research and Etbian- researcher has opted to be singled out this study, and such a presentation of ethics relating to the provisions of the Zakat, and the provisions of the funeral, and the provisions of the prisoner.
The researcher used - in his study of that topic - the induction and the descriptive method. That was with the evidence of what was mentioned in the book and the Sunnah, and by the opinions that were collectively raised and evidenced by the validity of the jurists of the Muslims, and that is with the evidence of the findings of the research that reached them.
Keywords: Sources of Legislation by Dependency, Rulings on Zakat, Rulings on Funerals, Rulings for Prisoners.
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